Pohutukawa| Metrosideros excelsa, thomasii, kermadecensi| Lifespan| NZ Christmas Bush

Ekka · 8th January 2008, 06:32 PM

I'm in Brisbane Australia and found these don't live that long.

In my experience they have little tolerance to drought, have an unusual root system where even aerial roots hang and there's some bizaar stump configuration between that of a ficus and a bottle brush.

Anyway, often I find trees with large dead patches/branches etc. Numerous small borer holes (2mm max dia) in the light dead branches which are brittle and decayed. Parts of the tree may be live but overall it looks like crap. They could even have flowers on parts of it.

They seem to have about the same lifespan as many wattles, they seem to be dying around 20 years to maybe 30 years of age.

The death pattern seems fairly much the same from the coastal sandy Gold Coast to the clays of Brisbane.

They can be between a large shrub size say 3m tall and wide to small tree say 6m tall and 4m wide. The one I took out today had a great place to live with plenty of mulch, other trees close by were OK.

So what are your experiences with this tree?

azrael · 8th January 2008, 07:35 PM

Ahh......
I've seen two Metrosideros die at the end of my street over the last 2 years....and alarm bells rang when the second one died some 1.5 years after the first. (Illawarra Region - South Coast N.S.W. Coastal Plain with Av. Annual Rf 1200mm pa).

I must say it was quite a rapid death...one dead branch (insignificant???), then the next thing ....whoof....whole thing dead in less than 1 month. No yellowing, just attached dead foliage...& dead tree.
One dead tree has beenremoved but the second mortality still stands...(I shall investigate the borer scenario.....& keep you posted.).

The area where I live is abt. 25yo as far as subdivisions go. Our area was stripped of topsoil at subdivision, and we have heavy clays, so its mulch..mulch ...mulch....mulch if you want to grow anything....very challenging soils....raped through agriculture and grazing, then stripped to sub-soil at subdivision...(criminal really).

Both specimens were front yard plantings...(in turf)...and not recieving any supplementary watering since water restrictions were imposed here.

(As distinct from paperbark Melaleucas, it seems the aerial roots in Metrosideros dont seem to help longeivity if there is no rainfall).

Otherwise I've seen specimens many which have reached enormous trunk size, and been quite healthy (mature trees)....but these have been in moister, more protected locations with better loamy soils. Also have seen same (mature specs) in hindune areas performing relatively well (relative in that they were very wind formed, and had disfiguring branch losses).

Mmmmm.....Im interested to hear other cases too.

Quintrex · 8th January 2008, 07:46 PM

In Sydney they seem to thrive in the sandy coastal soils around Cronulla and Maroubra and similar areas. A big one here would be 6 m tall and spread about the same with a DBH of a metre or so. They were extensively planted as street trees by Randwick council maybe 30 years ago or so. I don't know how long they generally live here, but older specimens tend to die back and decline and become affeced by small longicorn larvae as you described in Bris.
Arborcraft should be able shed more light on this, they are prolific in his patch.

TrevMcRev · 8th January 2008, 08:16 PM

They generally do pretty well here in Melbourne further south.

I guess most of NZ is cooler still, so Qld probably not ideal.

Any Kiwis got any input?

Hili, what were they like when you were over there?

Ive seen similar "shutdown" behaviour in many Hakeas here lately...

Ekka · 8th January 2008, 08:23 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by azrael

I must say it was quite a rapid death...one dead branch (insignificant???), then the next thing ....whoof....whole thing dead in less than 1 month. No yellowing, just attached dead foliage...& dead tree.

Exactly what happens here, the dead brown foliage still attached ... sorry for not mentioning.

The borers are post death though and infect the dead branches only not the live, they're just being adventitious.

Done it · 9th January 2008, 10:20 PM

They grow well around here, saw one today in flower but well protected by the tree I was quoting. I've done a lot of those half dead ones in the last few years. Trev is right they need the right climate, they can survive without water [rain] but not if in direct sun. Once a bit dies off the borers come & that's it. Great firewood, hard as nails when they're dead.

NZ at least a week of warm nights last winter.

Ekka · 10th January 2008, 06:12 AM

Hmmm, they're like balsa wood here when dead, dry and light, nothing like say wattle.

Also, they seems to have lots of bugs on them, this one had lots of stink beetles on it and I tend to get a little itchy from the dead ones. Could be some itchy bugs on them, dont know.

treekiwi · 10th January 2008, 09:51 AM

hey guys, little bit of kiwi output i suppose, pohutukawas are everywhere and get prity large, spread of up to 60 metres or so, mostly coastline. They do have aerial root systems, sometimes reaching to the ground and continuing to grow, huge laterals that touch the ground. The only real problem here is leaf miner which drills the leaves but other than that not really a problem. they are actually a HUGE weed in South Africa and grow everywhere theres a bit of dirt so i shouldnt see a problem in Aussy. Timber is very strong and red in colour heres some photos...

http://www.opotiki.com/data/pictures/tekaha3.jpg

They can live for anywhere up to 500 years and some of the bigger ones have girths of up to5 or 6 metres.

treekiwi · 10th January 2008, 09:59 AM

canopy of a very large one, estimated 300yr....

Done it · 10th January 2008, 07:34 PM

Good pictures, I don't think you'd find any that size here. Metrosideros means "Heart of iron" referring to the red heartwood. They are sand and salt resistant. The reason they were dying here I think was the lack of humidity during our long dry spell. The timber isn't hard green but when it dries out it is. Not as hard as wattle but close.

Ekka · 10th January 2008, 08:28 PM

Bugger me! I aint ever seen them that big, now the 60 metres must be a typo though.

TrevMcRev · 10th January 2008, 10:25 PM

Theres a big one in the Botanic Gardens in Melbourne

Ekka · 28th March 2008, 06:10 PM

Some pics

The typical borer hole.

Where the borer ate the cambium layer

Some weird cocoons on it.

And all cocoons opened the guy inside was dead.

Cannot say the borers had anything to do with the cocoon though. The decline seems more severe on the variegated ones.

shaun05 · 25th December 2009, 03:33 PM

The borer is form the order Coleoptera and the family Curculionidae.

The cocoons were made by a Lepidoptera thus eliminating them from being the cause of teh exit hole since the xylophagous moths fit generally into Cossids and Xylorictids with both groups pupating internally.

Treeson · 27th December 2009, 07:06 AM

Just thought I'd throw these pics up of some 'Pohoots' just down from my old place in Auckland.

The big boy on the beach front is about 6-800 yrs old.

pcarborist · 27th December 2009, 11:15 AM

Looks like bagworms (Psychidae).

arfabuck · 1st February 2010, 10:22 AM

Pohutukawa's are a protected specie with most Councils in NZ.

Auckland ARC has fined a fella $5,000 for dropping one last year without consent. Any native over 13' high is protected and needs a permit to be removed,- except Franklin District Council where I live. They do not have a "tree policy" as such, apart from some 33 trees that are listed as "protected".

Does not appear to be an issue here, the only rapists are the sub-division developers - but they have to get Resource Consent to build anyway.

The oldest known Pohutukawa is out at East Cape, will get a pic later.

Treekiwi correct me here if I am mis-informed.

arfa

ahutch · 21st February 2010, 06:51 PM

Hi Guys

I am in Perth and have one that is over twenty years old, appears healthy, no problems except it has never flowered. Is this unusual? Please advise

8th January 2008, 06:32 PM	#1
Ekka Admin - Dip Arb & Hort & Seldom Wrong Join Date: Jan 2007 Location: Brisbane Posts: 9,791	Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa, thomasii, kermadecensi\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Bush I'm in Brisbane Australia and found these don't live that long. In my experience they have little tolerance to drought, have an unusual root system where even aerial roots hang and there's some bizaar stump configuration between that of a ficus and a bottle brush. Anyway, often I find trees with large dead patches/branches etc. Numerous small borer holes (2mm max dia) in the light dead branches which are brittle and decayed. Parts of the tree may be live but overall it looks like crap. They could even have flowers on parts of it. They seem to have about the same lifespan as many wattles, they seem to be dying around 20 years to maybe 30 years of age. The death pattern seems fairly much the same from the coastal sandy Gold Coast to the clays of Brisbane. They can be between a large shrub size say 3m tall and wide to small tree say 6m tall and 4m wide. The one I took out today had a great place to live with plenty of mulch, other trees close by were OK. So what are your experiences with this tree? __________________ TAS Training & Assessment Services\| Arb and Hort Training available here Free Online Tree Value Calculator by TreeWorld Free Online TPZ and SRZ AS4970-2009 Calculator by TreeWorld Free Online Tree Surface Area and Tree Volume Calculator by TreeWorld Free Tree and Green Industry Deep Link Directory ... Yes, I also SEO (Optimize) and build websites that fly high in Google Qualified Brisbane Tree Lopping \| Stump Grinding Brisbane Brisbane - Gold Coast Consulting Arborist, Tree and Arborist Reports \| Project Arborist

8th January 2008, 07:35 PM	#2
azrael Former Member Join Date: Dec 2007 Location: Earth Australia Posts: 243	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Bush Ahh...... I've seen two Metrosideros die at the end of my street over the last 2 years....and alarm bells rang when the second one died some 1.5 years after the first. (Illawarra Region - South Coast N.S.W. Coastal Plain with Av. Annual Rf 1200mm pa). I must say it was quite a rapid death...one dead branch (insignificant???), then the next thing ....whoof....whole thing dead in less than 1 month. No yellowing, just attached dead foliage...& dead tree. One dead tree has beenremoved but the second mortality still stands...(I shall investigate the borer scenario.....& keep you posted.). The area where I live is abt. 25yo as far as subdivisions go. Our area was stripped of topsoil at subdivision, and we have heavy clays, so its mulch..mulch ...mulch....mulch if you want to grow anything....very challenging soils....raped through agriculture and grazing, then stripped to sub-soil at subdivision...(criminal really). Both specimens were front yard plantings...(in turf)...and not recieving any supplementary watering since water restrictions were imposed here. (As distinct from paperbark Melaleucas, it seems the aerial roots in Metrosideros dont seem to help longeivity if there is no rainfall). Otherwise I've seen specimens many which have reached enormous trunk size, and been quite healthy (mature trees)....but these have been in moister, more protected locations with better loamy soils. Also have seen same (mature specs) in hindune areas performing relatively well (relative in that they were very wind formed, and had disfiguring branch losses). Mmmmm.....Im interested to hear other cases too.

8th January 2008, 07:46 PM	#3
Quintrex Over mature heritage tree Join Date: Jun 2007 Location: Sydney Posts: 743	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Bush In Sydney they seem to thrive in the sandy coastal soils around Cronulla and Maroubra and similar areas. A big one here would be 6 m tall and spread about the same with a DBH of a metre or so. They were extensively planted as street trees by Randwick council maybe 30 years ago or so. I don't know how long they generally live here, but older specimens tend to die back and decline and become affeced by small longicorn larvae as you described in Bris. Arborcraft should be able shed more light on this, they are prolific in his patch. __________________ Heightmaster

8th January 2008, 08:16 PM	#4
TrevMcRev Sponsor Join Date: Feb 2007 Location: Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Posts: 1,433	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Bush They generally do pretty well here in Melbourne further south. I guess most of NZ is cooler still, so Qld probably not ideal. Any Kiwis got any input? Hili, what were they like when you were over there? Ive seen similar "shutdown" behaviour in many Hakeas here lately... __________________ Total Tree Care - Melbourne Arborist Reports & Consulting,Tree Pruning & Removal \| Elm Leaf Beetle Treatment Melbourne www.treegear.com.au - Australia's Best Value Arborist Supplies

9th January 2008, 10:20 PM	#6
Done it Over mature heritage tree Join Date: Nov 2007 Location: Parramatta. nsw. Australia. Posts: 633	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Bush They grow well around here, saw one today in flower but well protected by the tree I was quoting. I've done a lot of those half dead ones in the last few years. Trev is right they need the right climate, they can survive without water [rain] but not if in direct sun. Once a bit dies off the borers come & that's it. Great firewood, hard as nails when they're dead. NZ at least a week of warm nights last winter. Last edited by Done it; 9th January 2008 at 10:27 PM. Reason: spelling

10th January 2008, 06:12 AM	#7
Ekka Admin - Dip Arb & Hort & Seldom Wrong Join Date: Jan 2007 Location: Brisbane Posts: 9,791	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Bush Hmmm, they're like balsa wood here when dead, dry and light, nothing like say wattle. Also, they seems to have lots of bugs on them, this one had lots of stink beetles on it and I tend to get a little itchy from the dead ones. Could be some itchy bugs on them, dont know. __________________ TAS Training & Assessment Services\| Arb and Hort Training available here Free Online Tree Value Calculator by TreeWorld Free Online TPZ and SRZ AS4970-2009 Calculator by TreeWorld Free Online Tree Surface Area and Tree Volume Calculator by TreeWorld Free Tree and Green Industry Deep Link Directory ... Yes, I also SEO (Optimize) and build websites that fly high in Google Qualified Brisbane Tree Lopping \| Stump Grinding Brisbane Brisbane - Gold Coast Consulting Arborist, Tree and Arborist Reports \| Project Arborist

10th January 2008, 09:51 AM	#8
treekiwi Certificate in Horticulture (Level 4) + Diploma in Arboriculture (Level 6) Join Date: Nov 2007 Location: New Zealand Posts: 268	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Bush hey guys, little bit of kiwi output i suppose, pohutukawas are everywhere and get prity large, spread of up to 60 metres or so, mostly coastline. They do have aerial root systems, sometimes reaching to the ground and continuing to grow, huge laterals that touch the ground. The only real problem here is leaf miner which drills the leaves but other than that not really a problem. they are actually a HUGE weed in South Africa and grow everywhere theres a bit of dirt so i shouldnt see a problem in Aussy. Timber is very strong and red in colour heres some photos... http://www.opotiki.com/data/pictures/tekaha3.jpg They can live for anywhere up to 500 years and some of the bigger ones have girths of up to5 or 6 metres.

10th January 2008, 09:59 AM	#9
treekiwi Certificate in Horticulture (Level 4) + Diploma in Arboriculture (Level 6) Join Date: Nov 2007 Location: New Zealand Posts: 268	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Bush canopy of a very large one, estimated 300yr....

10th January 2008, 07:34 PM	#10
Done it Over mature heritage tree Join Date: Nov 2007 Location: Parramatta. nsw. Australia. Posts: 633	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Bush Good pictures, I don't think you'd find any that size here. Metrosideros means "Heart of iron" referring to the red heartwood. They are sand and salt resistant. The reason they were dying here I think was the lack of humidity during our long dry spell. The timber isn't hard green but when it dries out it is. Not as hard as wattle but close.

10th January 2008, 08:28 PM	#11
Ekka Admin - Dip Arb & Hort & Seldom Wrong Join Date: Jan 2007 Location: Brisbane Posts: 9,791	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Bush Bugger me! I aint ever seen them that big, now the 60 metres must be a typo though. __________________ TAS Training & Assessment Services\| Arb and Hort Training available here Free Online Tree Value Calculator by TreeWorld Free Online TPZ and SRZ AS4970-2009 Calculator by TreeWorld Free Online Tree Surface Area and Tree Volume Calculator by TreeWorld Free Tree and Green Industry Deep Link Directory ... Yes, I also SEO (Optimize) and build websites that fly high in Google Qualified Brisbane Tree Lopping \| Stump Grinding Brisbane Brisbane - Gold Coast Consulting Arborist, Tree and Arborist Reports \| Project Arborist

10th January 2008, 10:25 PM	#12
TrevMcRev Sponsor Join Date: Feb 2007 Location: Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Posts: 1,433	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Bush Theres a big one in the Botanic Gardens in Melbourne __________________ Total Tree Care - Melbourne Arborist Reports & Consulting,Tree Pruning & Removal \| Elm Leaf Beetle Treatment Melbourne www.treegear.com.au - Australia's Best Value Arborist Supplies

25th December 2009, 03:33 PM	#14
shaun05 Former Member Join Date: Feb 2009 Location: Penrith (Glenmore Park) Posts: 27	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa, thomasii, kermadecensi\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas The borer is form the order Coleoptera and the family Curculionidae. The cocoons were made by a Lepidoptera thus eliminating them from being the cause of teh exit hole since the xylophagous moths fit generally into Cossids and Xylorictids with both groups pupating internally.

27th December 2009, 11:15 AM	#16
pcarborist Semi-mature vigorous tree Join Date: Nov 2007 Location: PC Posts: 173	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa, thomasii, kermadecensi\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Looks like bagworms (Psychidae). __________________ parkcityarborist

1st February 2010, 10:22 AM	#17
arfabuck Sappling Join Date: Jan 2010 Location: Pukeoware NZ Posts: 27	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa, thomasii, kermadecensi\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Pohutukawa's are a protected specie with most Councils in NZ. Auckland ARC has fined a fella $5,000 for dropping one last year without consent. Any native over 13' high is protected and needs a permit to be removed,- except Franklin District Council where I live. They do not have a "tree policy" as such, apart from some 33 trees that are listed as "protected". Does not appear to be an issue here, the only rapists are the sub-division developers - but they have to get Resource Consent to build anyway. The oldest known Pohutukawa is out at East Cape, will get a pic later. Treekiwi correct me here if I am mis-informed. arfa

21st February 2010, 06:51 PM	#18
ahutch I'm new here so be nice Join Date: Feb 2010 Location: PERTH WA Posts: 1	Re: Pohutukawa\| Metrosideros excelsa, thomasii, kermadecensi\| Lifespan\| NZ Christmas Hi Guys I am in Perth and have one that is over twenty years old, appears healthy, no problems except it has never flowered. Is this unusual? Please advise

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