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Species | Subspecies abreviations| sp| spp | ssp etc

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Old 2nd July 2008, 06:04 PM   #1
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Default Species | Subspecies abreviations| sp| spp | ssp etc

We've all seen this I'm sure.

For example, which is right wrong or otherwise? How do you use this, for example I know it's a Eucalypt but not sure which one.

So do you write Eucalyptus sp or Eucalyptus spp or Eucalyptus ssp?

Well, I found this to be the easiest explanation. From Glossary of basic terms used in Northern Arizona Flora

species (sp.) :-
Quote:
A species is a group of organisms sharing a closely related common gene pool because of frequent interbreeding.

This is not always (or even usually) easy to decide, for individual plants from different regions, which have clearly distinct traits, may have common relatives with traits intermediate between them. Are such plants distinct species which occasionally hybridize, or do they belong in one all-encompassing "polymorphic" (many-formed) species? Because of such ambiguities, some botanists would go so far as to say that the species concept is a human construct only approximately reflecting the reality of nature.

The word "species" is used both as a singular and a plural. The abbreviation "sp." indicates the singular form, while "spp." is plural. If I write Quercus sp., I'm writing about one species of oak which I don't happen to know the name of (or don't care to tell you!). But when I write Quercus spp., I mean two or more species of oaks.

The species name of an organism includes both parts of the scientific name, the genus and the second, specific name. For example, the genus of Gambel oak is Quercus, but the species of Gambel oak is Quercus gambelii. The second name (gambelii) is called the specific name or epithet. It is always printed in lower-case letters (though older manuals may use the system of capitalizing the specific name if it was named in honor of someone).
subspecies (ssp.) :-
Quote:
When a species is made up of distinct, geographically separate groups which are yet not distinct enough to constitute separate species, the term subspecies is employed. In the past, botanists would either not use the term or use it interchangeably with "variety." More recently, a variety is usually considered to be less distinct than a subspecies. Thus, just as a species can have several subspecies, a subspecies can have several varieties. This practice is sometimes used in the USDA PLANTS online database, and here in NAZ Flora.

Be careful not to confuse the abbreviation "ssp." (subspecies) for "spp." (species, plural). You can also find subspecies abbreviated as "subsp." in many recent works, an innovation which makes the ssp./spp. distinction less problematic.
So that's clear as mud right?

To recap, Species (abbreviated sp.; plural, spp.)

Subspecies (ssp.) are commonly used to recognize the existence of regional variants of a species, that is some degree of morphological differentiation.

So back to my euc question,if it's a single euc I am having trouble identifying I'll write Euclyptus sp ... the sp replaces the second latin name as we dont know what it is.

However the ssp seems to be used for a third name like this, from CSIRO PUBLISHING - Australian Journal of Botany , Eucalyptus gunnii ssp. divaricata

So for instance if I found a pocket of morphed eucs, they all seemed to be a little different yet similar to Eucalyptus major I would call it Eucalyptus major ssp and you never know, might one day be Eucalyptus major ssp ekka

Just thought people who write or read might want to clarify these terms.
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Old 18th July 2008, 09:02 PM   #2
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Default Re: Species | Subspecies abreviations| sp| spp | ssp etc

This seems pretty straight forward. What can you write when you think it could be something but your not sure (I'm not an expert but it looks like...) Can you write something like this...Eucalyptus sp (resinifera).
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Old 18th July 2008, 09:06 PM   #3
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Default Re: Species | Subspecies abreviations| sp| spp | ssp etc

Quote:
Originally Posted by Bernard Keays View Post
This seems pretty straight forward. What can you write when you think it could be something but your not sure (I'm not an expert but it looks like...) Can you write something like this...Eucalyptus sp (resinifera).
Maybe Eucalyptus sp (resinifera?)
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Old 29th July 2008, 01:32 AM   #4
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Default Re: Species | Subspecies abreviations| sp| spp | ssp etc

Many times it can be very difficult to assign a subspecies from scratch, or even to know if that pocket of morphed eucalypts is really distinctive.

My suggestion is that if you find a case like this, and once your available ID resources fail to yield an accurate answer, to rely on this provisional naming:

Eucalyptus major var. `Location´

It simply points to an assumed variety of the "major" species in a certain location. Keeping records of that location and gathering samples to then annoy some specialised botanist can be a good idea. It is them who possibly can work out if variety (var) should be considered subspecies (ssp) or not. And it avoids the need of finding a suitable latin term. Many of them have been repeated too much within different eucalypt species, and that makes their botany fascinating... but complicated
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Old 29th July 2008, 01:29 PM   #5
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Default Re: Species | Subspecies abreviations| sp| spp | ssp etc

Yes, var is short for variety.

Great idea, even here it gets unusual and still for people like me who see them daily we double check.

In this thread I had a euc which was girdled by a chain for a flying fox. It was not doing so good. The trees leaves weren't the usual narrow lanceolate shape .....

ID this eucalypt

So I suppose I could have said, Eucalyptus teriticornis var. brisbane

And also, you would know about the similarities of Corymbia and Angophora.
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Old 29th July 2008, 04:46 PM   #6
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Default Re: Species | Subspecies abreviations| sp| spp | ssp etc

"Eucalyptus teriticornis var. brisbane" is too big a concept (Brissie is a big place!!)

But maybe...

Eucalyptus tereticornis var. `Brisbane 01´

or even better...

Eucalyptus tereticornis var. `Mt Petrie 01´

are more accurate concepts.

It is just an idea. I chose Mount Petrie as random geographical stub, you know better, Ekka. Non orthodox nomenclature, but useful as a provisional one, useful to keep track of location, and useful to keep track of different specimen trees or groups of trees even in the same general area. I do not see anything wrong about being practical.

Also, this is like birdwatching, with the advantage that eucs do not fly (yet). Whenever something unusual is found, it is no harm to add some notes to the notebook, including the day it was observed, who owns the tree, where is it, and who observes it. As if it was a birding sight. It is all of us tree people (tree owners and tree workers) who must do the task, since it is us who observe the trees most. There is a good amount of new species or subspecies found this way within genus Eucalyptus (and allied genera) for the last 150 years.
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Old 29th July 2008, 05:00 PM   #7
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Default Re: Species | Subspecies abreviations| sp| spp | ssp etc

So where are you from, you have us intrigued? And how come you pursue the eucs so much?
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Old 29th July 2008, 07:59 PM   #8
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Default Re: Species | Subspecies abreviations| sp| spp | ssp etc

Quote:
Originally Posted by Ekka View Post
So where are you from, you have us intrigued? And how come you pursue the eucs so much?
I am just a Spaniard forester quite fond of Australia and its trees All in all, these quarters are also an Eucalyptus country!
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Old 29th July 2008, 08:42 PM   #9
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Default Re: Species | Subspecies abreviations| sp| spp | ssp etc

Guss

I use to work for DPI Forestry a few years ago. This is how I remember, the way we wrote species descriptions on seed packets…

Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata ‘Woondum Provenance’

I was told that ‘Woondum Provenance’ was resistant to ramularia. Ramularia is a significant problem in establishing and managing spotted gum plantations in high humidity areas like South East Queensland. It was even a problem in the nursery. I had a feeling and a bit of a theory that the disease was carried on the seed or seed frass.

We had some Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata x torelliana crosses and they also had some E. camaldensis x tereticornis cross. There were some interesting foliage contrasts between the batches. The new growth on these crosses ranged in colour from bronze, red, purple to orange. They were quite amazing.
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Old 29th July 2008, 09:35 PM   #10
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Default Re: Species | Subspecies abreviations| sp| spp | ssp etc

Quote:
Originally Posted by Bernard Keays View Post
Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata ‘Woondum Provenance’
The wonders of genetic variability Plus trees from this and some other provenances helped develop resistant clones to RSB. And soon there will be mature clonal seed orchards to help massive release of resistant genotypes. So, first from seed to clones, and later from clones to seed. I had the luck of meeting some of the guys involved some year ago. An excellent example of applied tree breeding.

Quote:
Originally Posted by Bernard Keays View Post
We had some Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata x torelliana crosses and they also had some E. camaldensis x tereticornis cross.
I have a good amount of old and new literature on these issues. It is amazing to see through them how late the concept of hybrid eucalypts was finally accepted. But once it was, and tree breeders took advantage of new knowledge and technologies... it all started to happen very fast. Hybrid eucalypt forestry is with no doubt, a success in several key areas of the world. Australia leads in some of these. Kudos to all euc breeders.
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