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Buttress roots and prevailing winds| uprooting

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Old 6th July 2009, 10:56 PM   #1
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Default Buttress roots and prevailing winds| uprooting

Buttress roots act as tension members to prevent Australian tropical rainforest trees (Argyrodendron spp) from uprooting in a cyclone

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Monday, August 6, 2007
PS 10-126: Buttress roots act as tension members to prevent Australian tropical rainforest trees (Argyrodendron spp) from uprooting in a cyclone
Timothy L. Casper, Davidson College, Eric Nomura, Colorado College, and Timothy J. Curran, School for Field Studies.

The role of buttress roots as structural supports for rainforest trees has long been debated. Some studies indicated that buttresses serve as effective tension members to prevent uprooting. Conversely, buttresses may function as compression members, although there is less support for this idea. We examined these hypotheses by measuring the orientation, height, and length of 242 buttresses from 53 Argyrodendron spp. trees in rainforest fragments located in north-east Queensland, Australia that were recently affected by a severe cyclone. Trees were categorized as upright or uprooted and four buttress strength indices were compared between these groups, including highest and longest buttress, and resultant buttress height and length, which is the vector sum of either the height or length of all buttresses of a tree. Hotelling's one-sample T2 tests were used to determine if directionality of vector groups for each buttress strength index differed significantly from random. Upright trees in our study site did not tend to have their longer and taller buttresses oriented towards the direction of annual prevailing winds, a finding contrary to some other studies. Uprooted trees lacked buttress length on the side opposite direction of fall, supporting the tension member hypothesis, which predicts that buttresses prevent trees from uprooting when subjected to asymmetric loads due to external forces, such as wind. Of the indices of buttress strength, the longest buttress of each tree was the best indicator for direction and magnitude of overall buttress support.
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Old 6th July 2009, 11:40 PM   #2
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Default Re: Buttress roots and prevailing winds| uprooting

Its an interesting topic for thought and discussion somewhat limited by the lack of the full paper/presentation....I also have strong reservations about the value of the simplified vector modelling.

My very limited interaction with the group from JCU who under took the analysis of post Larry building damage developed quite intricate and complex modelling of the wind vectors across the affected region, whilst their focus was on building impacts not trees the data reveals a pattern of complex vortices statistically influenced by indices of terrain roughness.

Combine this with what we have come to understand about the inherent dampening capacities of healthy tree canopies and the picture becomes far less clear and certain.

None of this is to say that their conclusions are without merit...just that it is hard to make definative calls based on what is available in the quoted text.
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Old 7th July 2009, 12:00 AM   #3
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Default Re: Buttress roots and prevailing winds| uprooting

From an engineering point of view it makes sense.

The resistance to a turning moment where there is a buttress is far greater than where there isn't a buttress .... if some-one were to push you in the chest to make you fall on your backside wouldn't it be easier if your feet were together rather than apart in a walking stance?
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Old 7th July 2009, 12:30 AM   #4
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Default Re: Buttress roots and prevailing winds| uprooting

Yes agreed Eric as a structure buttress roots even out the stresses that loading would otherwise concentrate at the union betwen root and root crown.

Well worth pointing out that the roots are as important in compression as tension...just not sure their data is really proving anything more than any of us could state as a general observation.
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Old 7th July 2009, 07:48 AM   #5
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Default Re: Buttress roots and prevailing winds| uprooting

Hey Sean,

A while back I did about a 6 hour off the beaten track walk through Lamington National Park from O'rielly's.

We saw some monster trees uprooted, saw some monster limbs also busted off and huge tops busted out. Anyway, you know with the large figs that have large butresses never saw one of them blown over but did see other figs without the buttresses blown over.

Anyway, another thing is when there's blow overs or blown downs, sometimes the force isn't a direct rotation or flipping of the tree (or hinging of the tree), it can also be a lifting force like holding an umbrella .... you ever feel that lifting force and the brella wanting to go up like Mary Poppins?
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